![]() ![]() ![]() It is used historically to blacken leather and as a constituent of iron gall ink. ![]() Historically ferrous sulfate was used in the textile industry for centuries as a dye fixative. It is a reducing agent, and as such is useful for the reduction of chromate in cement to less toxic Cr(III) compounds. Industrially, ferrous sulfate is mainly used as a precursor to other iron compounds. In 2020, it was the 116th most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 5 million prescriptions. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. The name copperas dates from times when the copper(II) sulfate was known as blue copperas, and perhaps in analogy, iron(II) and zinc sulfate were known respectively as green and white copperas. All the iron(II) sulfates dissolve in water to give the same aquo complex 2+, which has octahedral molecular geometry and is paramagnetic. Known since ancient times as copperas and as green vitriol (vitriol is an archaic name for sulfate), the blue-green heptahydrate ( hydrate with 7 molecules of water) is the most common form of this material. The hydrated form is used medically to treat iron deficiency, and also for industrial applications. These compounds exist most commonly as the heptahydrate ( x = 7) but several values for x are known. Iron(II) sulfate ( British English: iron(II) sulphate) or ferrous sulfate denotes a range of salts with the formula Fe SO 4 ![]()
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